금지 혹은 방해와 관련된 동사 1

 

오늘은 "금지" 혹은 "방해"와 관련된 동사를 알아보도록 하겠습니다.

편의상 "금지/방해동사"라고 부르겠습니다.

이런 동사로는 아래 동사들이 있습니다.

이 정도는 정확히 암기해 놓아야 하겠죠?

 

prevent 방해하다

keep 방해하다

stop 중단시키다

prohibit 금지하다

block 막다

protect 보호하다

bar 막다

hinder 방해하다

hamper 방해하다

impede 방해하다

discourage 좌절시키다

disable 장애입히다

preclude (미리)못하게하다

deter 단념시키다

dissuade 설득해서 막다

inhibit 억제하다

restrain 제지하다

thwart 좌절시키다

disrupt 방해하다

clog 막다

 

오늘은 지금까지의 방식에서 조금 바꿔서 영문만 먼저 제시를 하겠습니다.

여러분들이 나름대로 해석을 해 보신 후 뒤쪽의 한글 해석을 통해 본인의 해석과 맞춰 보시기 바랍니다.

 

prevent

 

The fire department was able to prevent the fire from spreading to the neighboring buildings.

The doctor was able to prevent the disease from spreading.

The security system prevented the robbery.

 

"금지하다" 혹은 "방해하다"라는 의미를 가진 prevent와 짝꿍처럼 같이 다니는 전치사가 바로 from이란 전치사입니다.

from의 뉘앙스는 어떤 "출발지"에서 "나오는" 뉘앙스를 가지고 있습니다.

즉, "출발지"와 "나오는"이란 이미지를 동시에 갖고 있습니다.

그렇기 때문에 from spreading이란 표현은 spread(퍼지다)라는 동작에서 "나오는" 뉘앙스이기 때문에 그 spread라는 동작을 "하지 않는" 것으로 이해할 수 있을 것입니다.

즉, prevent the fire from spreading이란 표현은 the fire를 prevent해서 from spreading 즉, 퍼지지 않도록 한다는 것을 이해할 수 있을 것입니다.

그래서 우린 앞으로 "prevent X from Y"라는 표현을 "X가 Y라는 동작을 하지 않도록(from) 막다(방해하다)"라는 하나의 덩어리 표현으로 기억해야 할 것입니다.

이처럼 "막다/방해하다"의 뜻을 갖는 동사들은 "from"이란 전치사와 굉장히 좋은 짝궁이 될 수 있다는 것을 다음 예문들을 통해서도 확인하실 수 있을 것입니다.

 

keep

 

The parents kept their children safe by locking the doors and windows.

The teacher kept the students quiet by threatening to send them to the principal's office.

The doctor kept the patient alive by giving them a blood transfusion.

 

stop

 

The police stopped the car for speeding.

The teacher stopped the students from fighting.

The doctor stopped the bleeding by applying a tourniquet.

 

prohibit

 

The city prohibited smoking in public places.

The school prohibited students from bringing cell phones to school.

The government prohibited the sale of alcohol to minors.

 

block

 

The protesters blocked the street with their bodies.

The tree blocked the view of the house.

The dam blocked the river.

 

protect

 

The security guard protected the president from harm.

The fence protected the house from intruders.

The helmet protected the cyclist from injury.

 

bar

 

The bar refused to serve the drunk man.

The judge barred the witness from testifying.

The government barred the entry of foreign nationals.

 

hinder

 

The heavy traffic hindered the ambulance from reaching the hospital on time.

The large crowd hindered the police from clearing the streets.

The steep hill hindered the hikers from reaching the summit.

 

hamper

 

The injured leg hampered the athlete's performance.

The heavy backpack hampered the hiker's progress.

The long lines hampered the shoppers' ability to find what they needed.

 

impede

 

The fallen tree impeded the traffic.

The dense fog impeded the airplane's visibility.

The bureaucracy impeded the government's ability to function effectively.

 

discourage

 

The teacher's criticism discouraged the student from trying hard.

The high cost of college discouraged many students from attending.

The long lines discouraged many shoppers from entering the store.

 

disable

 

The car accident disabled the driver.

The stroke disabled the man.

The disease disabled the child.

 

preclude

 

The lack of funds precluded the construction of the new school.

The time constraints precluded a thorough investigation.

The law precluded the use of torture.

 

deter

 

The high security at the airport deterred terrorists from attacking.

The stiff penalties deterred people from speeding.

The threat of punishment deterred the children from misbehaving.

 

dissuade

 

The police officer dissuaded the man from driving drunk.

The teacher dissuaded the students from cheating.

The parents dissuaded the child from talking to strangers.

 

다음 글에서 이어 가겠습니다.